At present, the economic impact of the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic has begun to appear. In order to understand and assess the impact of the epidemic on electrical companies and the real situation of the frontline economy, the China Electrical Equipment Association ("China Electricity Association") launched a "questionnaire survey on the impact of new coronavirus pneumonia on manufacturing companies" for member companies. During the special period of prevention and control, the China Power Association and its branches overcome difficulties such as time constraints and difficulties in reaching front-line enterprises, and made every effort to conduct investigations. From February 13 to February 22, a total of 248 questionnaires were recovered, of which 241 were valid.

 

   I. Basic information

 

   Participating companies include power generation equipment, high-voltage switches, power station boilers, power capacitors, transformers, electrical control and distribution equipment, general low-voltage electrical appliances, power electronics, explosion-proof electrical appliances, relay protection and automation equipment, electrical accessories, explosion-proof motors, and small and medium-sized motors , Power tools, wires and cables, lead-acid batteries, industrial boilers, inverters, electrical alloys, hydropower equipment, internal combustion power generation equipment, welding materials, insulation materials, heat shrinkable materials, electrical equipment mechanical structures, micromotors, insulator arresters, traction electrical Equipment, fuel cell, smart grid equipment and other electrical industry are mainly divided into industries; the scale of enterprises covers large, medium, small and micro enterprises; the nature of enterprises covers state-owned, private, foreign-funded, joint-stock enterprises; the regions where the enterprises are located include Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Henan, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Sichuan, Tianjin, Yunnan, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Zhejiang and Chongqing have a total of 25 provinces (cities, municipalities, autonomous region).

 

   Investigations have shown that the start of electrical companies affected by the epidemic is generally delayed, but work will resume one after the end of February. As of February 13, the proportion of companies returning to work was 46.47%, and the proportion of companies planning to return to work was 44.81% before the end of February. 8.72% of the companies will resume work or have no plan to resume work after March. The outbreak has affected the electrical business in varying degrees. 63.48% of the companies consider the impact to be significant and 36.52% of the companies consider the impact to be moderate.

 

   Impact of the epidemic on electrician companies

 

   The outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic has a certain impact on most industries in a short time, and the electrical industry is no exception. According to the survey results, the main manifestations are as follows:

 

   1) Resumption of work is delayed and work efficiency is affected. In order to prevent the spread of the epidemic, many local governments have issued notices of postponement of resumption of work, and the resumption of production by electrical companies is generally delayed. At the same time, the efficiency and quality of part of the daily management work arrangements are somewhat different from normal periods due to the absence of all employees. At present, most return-to-work enterprises use rotating shifts and flexible working systems for remote work, which affects work efficiency to a certain extent.

 

   2) Transportation restrictions make transportation difficult. After the outbreak, logistics transportation, especially inter-provincial logistics, was basically suspended, which significantly affected production activities. Raw materials, spare parts, outsourced parts, etc. are not transported smoothly, which makes it difficult to guarantee production; in addition, products already sold are difficult to deliver, and equipment commissioning and installation personnel are difficult to reach the site to work.

 

   3) The upstream and downstream influence each other, and it is difficult to guarantee the supply chain, causing business to be blocked. Affected by the epidemic, the production of raw materials, equipment procurement, and transportation and supply were difficult to be in place for a while, and upstream enterprises affected the work progress of downstream enterprises. The electrical equipment manufacturing industry generally has a complicated industrial chain. Due to different epidemics in different places, the shutdown and restart periods are not consistent, and the difficulty of matching production and supply between upstream and downstream enterprises has increased significantly, which has damaged some of the more fragile industrial ecology.

 

   4) There is a certain pressure on the operating cash flow of the enterprise. Due to the high probability that existing orders will be postponed, it will cause great losses to the normal operation of the enterprise, the payment cannot be recovered in time, and there is pressure on loan repayment. In the case that full-scale construction cannot be started, employees' social security, maintenance of equipment, depreciation of the plant and other operating costs remain unchanged, making the development of the company difficult. After the epidemic is over, there will also be financial pressure on costs due to shortages of raw materials.

 

   5) The impact on overseas markets will gradually emerge. Due to the uncertainty of the epidemic situation and the exaggerated impact of competitors, some overseas owners are more inclined to suspend or reduce cooperation with Chinese companies, which has seriously affected the development of overseas markets. As the impact of PHEIC gradually emerges, some of the projects under construction may be affected, and the customs of the country where the project is located may impose more stringent sanitary quarantine measures on goods exported by Chinese companies, which may lead to prolonged customs clearance and increase costs and may not even smoothly enter the customs; There may be a large lag risk in the manufacture of export products by Chinese companies, and even the situation that individual manufacturers are unable to supply due to operating difficulties may affect the normal progress of the project.

 

   6) The power industry is an energy-based industry. The national economy has been affected by the epidemic, energy demand has shrunk, and investment in the power industry has shrunk accordingly, which will certainly have an impact on electrical companies. It is expected that the national power generation will show a downward trend in a certain period of time, coupled with the slump of the domestic thermal power market, it is expected that the development of the domestic thermal power market will become more difficult this year. Compared with thermal power, wind power, hydropower, and nuclear power are mainly affected by national policies, and are generally not affected much.